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Public Health · 2020

Factors Associated With US Adults' Likelihood of Accepting COVID-19 Vaccination

Efficacy won Americans over; a Chinese origin cost 13 points.

Kreps, Sarah · Kreps2020

Read the paper ↗

01 / Human finding

What the study found

Efficacy won Americans over; a Chinese origin cost 13 points.

Paper page 1

Answer-key review: AI-reviewed

02 / Experiment design

Who chose, and what varied

Country
United States
Human respondents
1971
Attributes
7
Task
discrete choice

03 / Synthetic replication

Registry replication results

Paper-era reference

2023 CLM mean Spearman ρ

0.62

Historical results use their original estimator and reference. They are not a matched comparison with the current run.

Detailed replication evidence · 2026-10-02

Right direction on all 9 significant effects, close ranking (ρ = 0.94), but synthetic effects 2.5× larger than human ones.

Use it to screen and rank which attributes move choice; calibrate sizes against a small human study before forecasting.

Inspect the measured run ↗

direction
holds
rank
holds
size
not equivalent

Supported uses

  • Screening which attributes move choice, and in which direction.
  • Ranking attributes and levels by how strongly they move choice.

Limits to keep in view

  • Forecasting the size of a shift without a human calibration anchor.

Effects on a common scale

Human effects: change in choice probability. Synthetic effects are multiplied by the record’s calibration factor, k = 0.3955. Calibration aligns magnitude; it does not establish agreement in unadjusted effect sizes.

● Human   ◆ Calibrated synthetic · Lines show human 95% intervals where available.
-0.1900.19Vaccine efficacy: The vaccine efficacy is 70%Vaccine efficacy: The vaccine efficacy is 7…Vaccine efficacy: The vaccine efficacy is 90%Vaccine efficacy: The vaccine efficacy is 9…Protection duration: The vaccine protection lasts 5 yearsProtection duration: The vaccine protection…Major adverse effect rate: Major adverse effects occur for 1 in 1000000Major adverse effect rate: Major adverse ef…Minor adverse effect rate: Minor adverse effects occur for 1 in 30Minor adverse effect rate: Minor adverse ef…FDA Approval: The vaccine has FDA Emergency Use AuthorizationFDA Approval: The vaccine has FDA Emergency…Vaccine origin: The vaccine origin was the United KingdomVaccine origin: The vaccine origin was the …Vaccine origin: The vaccine origin was ChinaVaccine origin: The vaccine origin was Chin…Endorsement: The vaccine is endorsed by BidenEndorsement: The vaccine is endorsed by Bid…Endorsement: The vaccine is endorsed by the CDCEndorsement: The vaccine is endorsed by the…Endorsement: The vaccine is endorsed by the WHOEndorsement: The vaccine is endorsed by the…
Human and calibrated synthetic effects
Attribute / levelHumanHuman 95% half-widthCalibrated synthetic
Vaccine efficacy: The vaccine efficacy is 50% (reference)0.000Not measured0.000
Vaccine efficacy: The vaccine efficacy is 70%0.0700.0150.067
Vaccine efficacy: The vaccine efficacy is 90%0.1600.0150.133
Protection duration: The vaccine protection lasts 1 year (reference)0.000Not measured0.000
Protection duration: The vaccine protection lasts 5 years0.0500.0150.068
Major adverse effect rate: Major adverse effects occur for 1 in 10000 (reference)0.000Not measured0.000
Major adverse effect rate: Major adverse effects occur for 1 in 10000000.0700.0150.101
Minor adverse effect rate: Minor adverse effects occur for 1 in 10 (reference)0.000Not measured0.000
Minor adverse effect rate: Minor adverse effects occur for 1 in 300.0100.0150.041
FDA Approval: The vaccine is FDA approved and licensed (reference)0.000Not measured0.000
FDA Approval: The vaccine has FDA Emergency Use Authorization-0.0300.015-0.048
Vaccine origin: The vaccine origin was the United States of America (reference)0.000Not measured0.000
Vaccine origin: The vaccine origin was the United Kingdom-0.0400.020-0.019
Vaccine origin: The vaccine origin was China-0.1300.020-0.101
Endorsement: The vaccine is endorsed by Trump (reference)0.000Not measured0.000
Endorsement: The vaccine is endorsed by Biden0.0200.0210.041
Endorsement: The vaccine is endorsed by the CDC0.0900.0200.041
Endorsement: The vaccine is endorsed by the WHO0.0600.0200.070

04 / Evidence and limitations

Follow the evidence

Missing results mean unmeasured, not zero agreement.

    Measurement provenance

    Registry revision: 648f40378e9c. Estimator: ols.